![]() ![]() His father worked as a policeman, and later as a clerk in the King William’s Town Native Affairs office. Stephen Bantu (Steve) Biko was born in what is today the Eastern Cape province of South Africa on 18 December 1946. A brush with the police: Biko’s early politicisation Calls on black people to first free their own minds, become conscious of their own, and each other’s conditions and work together to change the material conditions of black students have been the guiding principles of the new South African student movements as they were for the generation of the 1970s. Black Consciousness philosophy gained significance again when students insisted upon the reform of curricula, which they said conveyed racist and colonialist forms of knowledge and ignored, even scorned African intellectual experience. ![]() Young students regarded Biko’s call to autonomous Black action as still relevant for contemporary South Africa. In the new student movements the legacy of Steve Biko, who was murdered by the apartheid regime on 12 September 1977 became important again. ![]() Young women and men born after the end of apartheid in 1994 demanded free education they forcefully insisted that tuition fees be scrapped, and also that the contents, methodologies and academic teachers reflect the post-apartheid ‘free’ South Africa. ![]() In 2015 students at South African universities rose up in a mass revolt. ![]()
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